Improvement in the manufacture op anvils



tuiid faire silent etjiiiw.

-DAVID FOSTER, OF VS'IHIEIFFI'ELD, ENGLAND.

Letters Patent No. 95,577, (lated October 5, 1869 patented fin E11-gland, June 4,1868..

mPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OI' ANVILS, AND THE TOP AND BOTTOM PARTS OF HANIMERS, 8cc. Y

To all to whom it may concern Be it known4 that I, DAVID Fosrnn, of Sheiield, in the county of York, engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Combining and Casting Various Qualities of Metal, in the Manufacture of Anvils, Top and Bottom Faces for Hammers, for drawing-out purposes, projectiles,'and other articles; and I, the said DAVID FOSTER, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained -in and by the following statement thereof; that is to say- As is well understood in the manufacture of anvils, top and bottom faces for hammers, projectiles, railway'- crossings, dies, and other articles, some of the surfaces or parts, which have to resist wear or injury, are formed of steel, and other parts of iron, and the manufacture of' such articles is greatly improved and facilitated, when, in place of the parts being forged or welded together, molten iron and steel are then run into a suitable mould, the steel to form the hard or wearingesurface being run 'into'the mould separately from the iron, but so that the iron i and steel unite at the point of juncture, and form one casting of the desired shape, steel at one part, and iron at another. v

I am aware that it has been .before proposed to combine steel and iron in -one casting, as above described, but I am not aware .that suchmanufacture has been carried into successful operation, inasmuch as the steel surface produced has been too expensive, or has not been satisfactory, and has required to be hammered and otherwise heated, subsequently to the casting. v

Now, I have discovered in practice that articles, where steel and iron are combined into one casting, can be successfully manufactured with a highly-dura# ble and satisfactory quality of steel surface, at a modcrate cost, by forming such steel surface of ar combination or mixture of charcoal and three descriptions or qualities of metal, namely, what are known as Bessemer-steel scrap, Swedish bar-iron or steel, and spiegel eisen!7 Thesethree qualities of metal I place in,a cruci-v blewith a suitable quantity of charcoal, and, when melted, I pour so-much of the mol'ten'mixture intoA the mould as will form the steel snrfaceof the article to be manufactured, and lill the remaining space 'with iron, so as to form the combined steel and iron casting, the steel surface of which eau be afterward ground and hardened or tempered.

In forming the mixture, the threequalities of metal above named may be used invarious proportions, more or less of the Bessemer-steel scrap, or the Swedish bar-iron orsteel, being used respectively, according to the` degree of hardness or toughness required, but I have found the following proportions produce a satisfactory surface for anvlls,

VIZ I A little charcoal, thirteen-sixteenths of Bessemersteel scrap, two-sixteenths of Swedish bar, and onesixteenth of spiegel eisen.

In forming the mould for casting articles, as above described, I prefer tense moulding-boxes of suitable through an aperture, so arranged that the iron will flow over the steel and rise into the mould, without disturbing the steel which was first poured in.

Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, of the drawing hereunto annexed, show views of a moulding-box suitable for casting auvils according to my invention.

A'Al A are the'moulding-box, formed in three parts, connected together by means of pins and collars at E. f

B is. the sand, in which the mould is'formed.

The steel mixture above described is lirst run .into the mould, through the get77 or-aperture O, and the iron afterward through the get or aperture D,.so -as to rise into the mould and How over the steel, which has been first poured in, without disturbin Ait.

gFigure 5 shows ahvertcal section of theapparatus I employ for hardening the faces of anvils, and other 4 articles cast partly of steel and partly of iron, as above described. L

vb is a trough, in which is placed a layer of sand, and upon that a layer of pebbles or grit, as shown in the drawing. Y y

a is apipe, through which water is supplied to the trough l), and

c is an ovelow outlet pipe, through which the water passes away, after traversing the trough b.

The anvil F to be hardened, is placed upon the surface of the granular contents of the troughb, and the streaml of water passing over and through 'the contents of the trough b, hardens the steel face, with= out coming in contact with the other partsof the anvil, so ravoiding unequal contraction or fracture during the hardening-process.

Having now described the nature of my invention, :1nd the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into operation, I would have it understood that l do not confine myself to the precise details herein ldescribed; but

Forming the wearing or resisting-surfaces or parts of anvils, hammers,"projectles, railway-crossings, dies,

or other articles, of the combination or mixture of metal herein described, when such articles are cast partly in iron, and 'partly in steel, substantially as herein shown and described.

DAVID FOSTER.

Witnesses:

R. P. WALKER,

5 Bank ,St/reet, Shagield. JONAS ARUNDEL,

5 Bank Street, Shqeld. 

